Vivienne
17-10-08, 12:59 PM
Freeman defines a stakeholder as any group or individual who can affect or be affected by the achievement of an organisation's objectives.
Stakeholders can be classified by their proximity to the organisation.They are categorised and distinguished from each other as follows
1.Internal(inside the organisation)
employees,management
2.Connected
Shareholders,customers,lenders,trade unions,competitors
3.External(outside the organisation)
goverment,local goverment,the public,pressure groups
some stakeholders will be more difficult to categorise such as trade unions that may have both elements of internal and external membership.
4.Narrow
those that are most affected by the organisation's policies.these will include shareholders,management,employees,suppliers and customers who are dependent on the organisation's output
5.Wider
those less affected by an organisation and may typically include goverment and less dependent customers
6.Primary
those without whose continuing participation the organisation cannot survive as a going concern.
7 Secondary
those that the organisation does not directly depend upon for its immediate survival.
8.Active
those who seek to participate in the organisation's activities.these may not be a part of the organisation's formal structure eg management and employees
9.Passive
those who do not normally seek to participate ain an organisation's policy making ie they do not seek to take an active part in an organisation's stratergy .includes most shareholders,goverment and local communities
10.Voluntary
these are stakeholders that engage with the organisation voluntarily.these will include employees with transferable skills who could work elsewhere.
11.Involuntary
those affected by activities of large organisations like competitors,future generations and natural enviroment.
Stakeholders can be classified by their proximity to the organisation.They are categorised and distinguished from each other as follows
1.Internal(inside the organisation)
employees,management
2.Connected
Shareholders,customers,lenders,trade unions,competitors
3.External(outside the organisation)
goverment,local goverment,the public,pressure groups
some stakeholders will be more difficult to categorise such as trade unions that may have both elements of internal and external membership.
4.Narrow
those that are most affected by the organisation's policies.these will include shareholders,management,employees,suppliers and customers who are dependent on the organisation's output
5.Wider
those less affected by an organisation and may typically include goverment and less dependent customers
6.Primary
those without whose continuing participation the organisation cannot survive as a going concern.
7 Secondary
those that the organisation does not directly depend upon for its immediate survival.
8.Active
those who seek to participate in the organisation's activities.these may not be a part of the organisation's formal structure eg management and employees
9.Passive
those who do not normally seek to participate ain an organisation's policy making ie they do not seek to take an active part in an organisation's stratergy .includes most shareholders,goverment and local communities
10.Voluntary
these are stakeholders that engage with the organisation voluntarily.these will include employees with transferable skills who could work elsewhere.
11.Involuntary
those affected by activities of large organisations like competitors,future generations and natural enviroment.